In May, the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network initiated rulemaking to enhance anti-money laundering compliance for certain SEC-Registered Investment Advisers and Exempt Reporting Advisers. The proposed rule was expected, following FinCEN’s February 2024 related notice that would add certain RIAs and ERAs as financial institutions subject to the Bank Secrecy Act. Taken in aggregate, these changes represent a new and more formalized regulatory wrapper for small funds, making compliance more prescriptive and resource-intensive. Recent decisions at the Fifth Circuit and the U.S. Supreme Court complicate matters further.