It’s not exactly news that the Texas oil & gas industry could use some good news. But that may have come Friday with the emerging possibility that the benchmarking of Texas oil may actually start happening in Texas.
Explain, you say.
April 20 was the day oil prices went south. They didn’t just drop, they plummeted, with the May WTI contract ending that day at -$37.63 bbl.
The proximate cause was the collapse of worldwide demand packed with the collapse of an agreement on scaled-back production levels between OPEC+ and Russia. But some analysts believed at the time that the real problem with the breathtaking negative benchmark was the way West Texas crude oil is priced in the first place.
Low in sulfur and viscosity, West Texas oil is highly valued because it is so easily refined. But its price is not set in West Texas; it’s set in Cushing, Oklahoma, the hub of a host of pipelines, terminals and storage tank facilities — so many that Cushing refers to itself as “The Pipeline Crossroads of the World.” And in 1983, the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) agreed and chose Cushing as the physical point benchmarking nearly all oil futures produced in North America.
But in the last decade or so, analysts have complained about the “landlocked” nature of the current WTI benchmark. The problem is that the WTI pricing floor is ultimately dependent on Cushing storage capacity: If demand is up, the oil moves out of Cushing; if demand drops, what’s piped to Cushing stays in Cushing. Once capacity is reached, the nearest alternative sits 500 miles south along the Texas Gulf Coast where international tankers await to potentially absorb and transport excess supply to international points of demand.
So, on Friday without a great deal of fanfare, two major price reporting agencies, S&P Global Platts and Argus Media launched their own benchmarks for West Texas crude, both based on pricing at the Texas Gulf Coast and both angling to avoid the shortcomings of the WTI.
The new Platts American GulfCoast Select (AGS) benchmark will represent the value of waterborne light, sweet crude delivered from the Permian by various pipelines (Midland-to-ECHO I & II, Gray Oak, Longhorn, BridgeTex, etc.) and loaded from various Texas ports FOB 15 to 45 days from the day of assessment.
In essence, it’s much like the Brent benchmark which prices waterborne North Sea oil at the Brent Complex in the Shetland Islands.
“Platts AGS at last brings the U.S. market a Brent of its own,” said Vera Blei, global director of oil at S&P Global Platts. “This new benchmark reflects the value of US crude oil that is on the water, internationally connected and free from the distortions of domestic infrastructure economics.”
Argus Media also launched their new benchmark called American GulfCoast Select. The concept is a similar effort to free oil pricing from the confines of Cushing, but the pricing sources are not as broad as the Platt and its methodology will include a differential tethered to Cushing prices to make it hedge-friendly on the NYMEX.
Other attempts have been made to benchmark Texas oil outside Cushing, but they never really caught on. But both S&P Global and Argus arrive with “Black April” still fresh in market memories — and timing, after all, is everything.
Texas deal-making last week remained a close fit with these complicated times, with only eight new deals worth $6.9 billion.
The week before last there were 12 deals worth $4.4 billion. And this time last year, there were 23 deals worth $8.3 billion involving 15 firms and 154 Texas lawyers.
But even the biggest deal this past week was a discounted reboot of a merger announced last December. Two other deals involved bankruptcy or the prospect of bankruptcy. And several others involved exchanges that rescheduled or extended debt.
Weekly Corporate Deal Tracker Roundup Stats
A compilation of weekly stats from The Lawbook's CDT Weekly Roundup
(Deal Values in Millions)
(Deal Values in Millions)
| Week Ending | Deal Count | Amount | Firms | Lawyers | M&A Count | M&A Value $M | CapM Count | CapM Value $M |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| November 26, 2022 | 8 | $2,266.7 | 8 | 5 | 3 | $76 | 5 | $2,190.7 |
| November 19, 2022 | 21 | $2,886 | 15 | 212 | 19 | $2,550 | 2 | $336 |
| November 12, 2022 | 13 | $15,093.7 | 9 | 81 | 9 | $14,200 | 4 | $893.7 |
| November 5, 2022 | 25 | 19,337.2 | 16 | 509 | 22 | $8,267.2 | 3 | $11,070 |
| October 29, 2022 | 15 | $7,805.3 | 9 | 116 | 14 | $7,180.3 | 1 | $625 |
| October 22, 2022 | 20 | $8,193.5 | 13 | 253 | 13 | $5,442 | 7 | $2,751.5 |
| October 15, 2022 | 9 | $3,046.1 | 9 | 139 | 7 | $2,588.3 | 2 | $457.8 |
| October 8, 2022 | 19 | $2,011.8 | 12 | 114 | 16 | $833.8 | 3 | $1,178 |
| October 1, 2022 | 23 | $5,532.9 | 16 | 156 | 18 | $4,952.3 | 5 | $580.6 |
| September 24, 2022 | 18 | $5,194 | 14 | 216 | 15 | $4,050 | 3 | $1,144 |
| September 17, 2022 | 21 | $8,352.3 | 12 | 320 | 15 | $4,759.6 | 6 | $3,592.7 |
| September 10, 2022 | 15 | $19,853.5 | 10 | 126 | 13 | $19,403.6 | 2 | $450 |
| September 3, 2022 | 9 | $2,312 | 9 | 62 | 9 | $2,312 | 0 | 0 |
| August 27, 2022 | 16 | $30,891.7 | 10 | 135 | 15 | $30,666.4 | 1 | 227.7 |
| August 20, 2022 | 12 | $1,977 | 8 | 152 | 9 | 925 | 3 | $1,052 |
| August 13, 2022 | 18 | $8,004.7 | 11 | 242 | 11 | $2,844.7 | 7 | $5,160 |
| August 6, 2022 | 24 | $7,948.9 | 12 | 240 | 17 | $3,577 | 7 | $4,371.9 |
| July 30, 2022 | 8 | $6,941 | 9 | 78 | 7 | $6,839 | 1 | $102 |
| July 23, 2022 | 11 | $801 | 11 | 92 | 10 | $801 | 1 | 0 |
| July 16, 2022 | 14 | $3,650 | 10 | 122 | 14 | $3,650 | 0 | 0 |
| July 9, 2022 | 10 | $3,557.7 | 7 | 68 | 9 | $3,557.7 | 1 | 0 |
| July 2, 2022 | 18 | $8,609.4 | 13 | 152 | 15 | $2,754.4 | 3 | $5,855 |
| June 25, 2022 | 15 | $6,142 | 13 | 146 | 9 | $2,017 | 6 | $4,125 |
| June 18, 2022 | 17 | $11,890.1 | 14 | 228 | 15 | $11,410 | 2 | 479.7 |
| June 11, 2022 | 17 | $7,600 | 12 | 123 | 10 | $2,300 | 7 | $5,300 |
| June 4, 2022 | 12 | $2,937 | 10 | 127 | 9 | $692 | 3 | $2,245 |
| May 28, 2022 | 9 | $3,197.6 | 11 | 86 | 9 | $3,197.6 | 0 | 0 |
| May 21, 2022 | 14 | $7,284.5 | 12 | 185 | 11 | $6,609 | 3 | $675.5 |
| May 14, 2022 | 11 | $306.6 | 9 | 80 | 10 | $306.6 | 1 | $225 |
| May 7, 2022 | 16 | $10,451.75 | 12 | 108 | 12 | $1,827 | 4 | $8,624.75 |
| April 30, 2022 | 16 | $2,296.5 | 16 | 157 | 12 | $895.5 | 4 | $1,401 |
| April 23, 2022 | 10 | $2,241 | 11 | 58 | 8 | $1641 | 2 | $600 |
| April 16, 2022 | 11 | $6,643 | 7 | 156 | 8 | $2,359 | 3 | $4,284 |
| April 9, 2022 | 17 | $4,429 | 14 | 184 | 11 | $1,690 | 6 | $2,739 |
| April 2, 2022 | 13 | $1,755 | 8 | 84 | 10 | $1,145 | 3 | $610 |
| March 26, 2022 | 11 | $3,205 | 8 | 65 | 6 | $200 | 5 | $3,005 |
| March 19, 2022 | 13 | $2,239.17 | 9 | 106 | 13 | $2,239.17 | 0 | 0 |
| March 12, 2022 | 18 | $12,016 | 11 | 239 | 15 | $11,965 | 2 | $51.35 |
| March 5, 2022 | 17 | $6,786 | 13 | 137 | 13 | $5,161 | 4 | $1,625 |
| February 26, 2022 | 12 | $5,095 | 8 | 149 | 9 | $4,437.5 | 3 | $658 |
| February 19, 2022 | 17 | $22,229 | 17 | 174 | 14 | $21,354 | 3 | $875 |
| February 12, 2022 | 12 | $2,344.7 | 10 | 73 | 8 | $641.7 | 4 | $1,703 |
| February 5, 2022 | 11 | $2,503 | 8 | 99 | 11 | $2,503 | 0 | 0 |
| January 29, 2022 | 11 | $3,872 | 12 | 101 | 12 | $3,872 | 0 | 0 |
| January 22, 2022 | 13 | $5,143.5 | 10 | 99 | 12 | $4,842.5 | 1 | $301 |
| January 15, 2022 | 12 | $7,605 | 9 | 155 | 9 | $6,480 | 3 | $1,025 |
| January 8, 2022 | 13 | $8,256.2 | 11 | 102 | 13 | $8,256.2 | 0 | 0 |
| January 1, 2022 | 9 | $1,273.8 | 6 | 50 | 9 | $1,273.8 | 0 | 0 |
| December 25, 2021 | 21 | $4,734.75 | 11 | 176 | 16 | $3,410 | 5 | $1,324.75 |
| December 18, 2021 | 26 | $7,325.2 | 15 | 193 | 18 | $3,640.2 | 8 | $3,685.2 |
| December 11, 2021 | 16 | $5,017 | 10 | 109 | 13 | $1,417 | 3 | $3,600 |
| December 4, 2021 | 14 | $2,310 | 8 | 86 | 8 | $2,310 | 6 | $1,882.05 |
| November 27, 2021 | 9 | $3.460.1 | 10 | 101 | 6 | $1,758 | 3 | $1,702.6 |
| November 20, 2021 | 20 | $22,792 | 15 | 157 | 12 | $18,864.5 | 8 | $3,928 |
| November 13, 2021 | 21 | $26,729 | 12 | 178 | 13 | $11,822 | 8 | $14,907 |
| November 6, 2021 | 12 | $8,303 | 13 | 157 | 10 | $6,682 | 3 | $1,621 |
| October 30, 2021 | 21 | $10,368 | 15 | 218 | 15 | $9,24.4 | 6 | $1,103. |
| October 23, 2021 | 21 | $18.783.1 | 15 | 222 | 11 | $12,314 | 10 | $6,468.6 |
| October 16, 2021 | 15 | $3,868 | 11 | 118 | 15 | $2,293 | 2 | $1,575 |
| October 9, 2021 | 20 | $8,610 | 16 | 175 | 16 | $7,795 | 4 | $815 |
| October 2, 2021 | 14 | $6,250 | 11 | 137 | 10 | $5,200 | 4 | $1,050 |
| September 25, 2021 | 11 | $11,460 | 9 | 93 | 7 | $10,200 | 4 | $1,250 |
| September 18, 2021 | 11 | $16,603 | 8 | 99 | 8 | $15,084 | 3 | $1,519 |
| September 11, 2021 | 17 | $10,653 | 11 | 103 | 13 | $8,503 | 4 | $2,150 |
| September 4, 2021 | 13 | $7,222 | 10 | 89 | 11 | $6,715 | 2 | $507 |
| August 28, 2021 | 12 | $763 | 9 | 63 | 11 | $663 | 1 | $100 |
| August 21, 2021 | 12 | $29,659 | 7 | 79 | 11 | $29,579 | 1 | $80 |
| August 14, 2021 | 22 | $17,845 | 11 | 199 | 12 | $12,805 | 10 | $5,04 |
| August 7, 2021 | 17 | $13,670 | 12 | 139 | 15 | $11,766 | 2 | $1,904 |
| July 31, 2021 | 21 | $8,160 | 11 | 134 | 10 | $3,574 | 10 | $4,586 |
| July 24,2021 | 21 | $6,367 | 11 | 139 | 15 | $3,712 | 6 | $2,655 |
| July 17, 2021 | 14 | $4,009 | 11 | 124 | 12 | $2,015 | 2 | $1,994 |
| July 10, 2021 | 16 | $3,997 | 13 | 143 | 11 | $1,597 | 4 | $2,4 |
| July 3, 2021 | 24 | $7,492 | 13 | 94 | 16 | $3,769 | 8 | $3,722 |
| June 26, 2021 | 10 | $4,995 | 7 | 85 | 8 | $3,847 | 2 | $1,148 |
| June 19, 2021 | 28 | $16,830 | 8 | 228 | 9 | $1,861 | 19 | $14,968 |
| June 12, 2021 | 26 | $27,238 | 15 | 209 | 19 | $25,602 | 7 | $1,636 |
| June 5, 2021 | 15 | $15,539 | 13 | 100 | 13 | $14,709 | 2 | $600 |
| May 29, 2021 | 35 | $20,279 | 11 | 145 | 28 | $18,64 | 7 | $1,639 |
| May 22, 2021 | 24 | $53,208 | 14 | 174 | 17 | $51,047 | 7 | $2,161 |
| May 15, 2021 | 18 | $10,620 | 13 | 220 | 11 | $5,870 | 7 | $4,809 |
| May 8, 2021 | 17 | $10,400 | 11 | 156 | 15 | $8,386 | 2 | $2,500 |
| May 1, 2021 | 21 | $7,200 | 16 | 115 | 12 | $3,808 | 9 | $3,392 |
| April 24, 2021 | 8 | $20,200 | 9 | 31 | 8 | $20,200 | 0 | 0 |
| April 17, 2021 | 14 | $6,270 | 8 | 102 | 11 | $4,0180 | 3 | $2,260 |
| April 10, 2021 | 15 | $8,940 | 13 | 129 | 14 | $7,990 | 1 | $950 |
| April 3, 2021 | 18 | $19,513 | 10 | 151 | 12 | $16,923 | 6 | $2,590 |
| March 27, 2021 | 27 | $13,942 | 15 | 244 | 14 | $4,300 | 13 | $9,633.5 |
| March 20, 2021 | 11 | $2,046 | 4 | 102 | 3 | $270 | 8 | $1,776 |
| March 13, 2021 | 15 | $3,270 | 9 | 109 | 6 | $538 | 9 | $2,732 |
| March 6, 2021 | 24 | $13,617 | 10 | 196 | 13 | $10,395 | 11 | $3,222 |
| February 27, 2021 | 19 | $8,105 | 12 | 139 | 15 | $4,970 | 4 | $3,135 |
| February 20, 2021 | 9 | $8,820 | 9 | 153 | 8 | $8,520 | 1 | $300 |
| February 13, 2021 | 12 | $4,852.6 | 7 | 81 | 7 | 2,766 | 5 | $2,086.6 |
| February 6, 2021 | 18 | $9,752 | 13 | 153 | 14 | $5,222 | 4 | $4,530 |
| January 30, 2021 | 18 | $9,449 | 9 | 182 | 15 | $8753.8 | 3 | $695.3 |
| January 23, 2021 | 14 | $8,150 | 8 | 118 | 6 | $4,000 | 8 | $4,150 |
| January 16, 2021 | 17 | $6,783 | 13 | 138 | 11 | $2,400 | 6 | $4,382.9 |
| January 9, 2021 | 22 | $6,829 | 14 | 135 | 18 | $3,139.3 | 4 | $3,690 |
| January 2, 2021 | 7 | $1,466 | 7 | 60 | 7 | $1,466 | 0 | 0 |
| December 26, 2020 | 18 | $15,900 | 12 | 163 | 16 | $5,300 | 1 | $600 |
| December 19, 2020 | 18 | $9,769 | 14 | 110 | 14 | $8,426 | 4 | $1,343 |
| December 12, 2020 | 10 | $7,200 | 9 | 100 | 9 | $3,325 | 1 | $3,830 |
| December 5, 2020 | 15 | $4,261 | 9 | 122 | 9 | $2,780 | 6 | $1,481 |
| November 28, 2020 | 19 | $7,758 | 10 | 110 | 13 | $4,003 | 6 | $3,755 |
| November 14, 2020 | 14 | $864.1 | 14 | 157 | 12 | $289.1 | 2 | $575 |
| November 7, 2020 | 13 | $6,332 | 9 | 129 | 9 | $2,483.5 | 4 | $3,849 |
| October 31, 2020 | 10 | $3,995.8 | 8 | 103 | 6 | $3,231.1 | 4 | $754.7 |
| October 24, 2020 | 6 | $18,100 | 6 | 58 | 5 | $17,709 | 1 | $350 |
| October 17, 2020 | 8 | $351.9 | 5 | 55 | 8 | $351.9 | 0 | 0 |
| October 10, 2020 | 7 | $5,229 | 3 | 50 | 4 | $735 | 3 | $4,494 |
| October 3, 2020 | 14 | $21,428 | 9 | 173 | 9 | $17,535 | 5 | $3,893 |
| September 26, 2020 | 10 | $12,770 | 8 | 93 | 5 | $10,300 | 5 | $2,470 |
| September 19, 2020 | 14 | $8,365 | 9 | 101 | 6 | $1,020 | 8 | $7,345 |
| September 12, 2020 | 6 | $4,406 | 8 | 59 | 3 | $1,270 | 3 | $3,136 |
| September 5, 2020 | 11 | $5,191 | 8 | 117 | 9 | $4,061 | 2 | $1,130 |
| August 29, 2020 | 11 | $2,531 | 9 | 94 | 5 | $1,130 | 6 | $1,401 |
| August 22, 2020 | 18 | $6,574 | 12 | 140 | 7 | $1,930 | 11 | $4,644 |
| August 15, 2020 | 13 | $4,991 | 10 | 97 | 7 | $1,216 | 6 | $3,775 |
| August 8, 2020 | 12 | $32,092 | 11 | 112 | 9 | $30,457 | 3 | $1,635 |
| August 1, 2020 | 7 | $5,287 | 8 | 76 | 5 | $3,687 | 2 | $1,600 |
| July 25, 2020 | 9 | $18,751 | 6 | 67 | 7 | $18,403 | 2 | $348 |
| July 18, 2020 | 6 | $1,982.5 | 5 | 50 | 4 | $1,407.5 | 2 | $575 |
| July 11, 2020 | 11 | $565.1 | 12 | 75 | 10 | $65.1 | 1 | $500 |
| July 4, 2020 | 10 | $8,889 | 8 | 98 | 9 | $8,788 | 1 | $100.3 |
| June 27, 2020 | 8 | $6,874 | 10 | 50 | 5 | $4,972.5 | 3 | $2,081.5 |
| June 20, 2020 | 12 | $4,444 | 9 | 115 | 7 | $2,829 | 5 | $1,615 |
| June 13, 2020 | 6 | $3,582 | 4 | 37 | 2 | $350 | 4 | $3,232 |
| June 6, 2020 | 11 | $3,213.7 | 8 | 65 | 7 | $470 | 4 | $2,743.7 |
| May 30, 2020 | 8 | $7,335 | 7 | 48 | 6 | $4,639 | 2 | $2,697 |
| May 23, 2020 | 4 | $432.4 | 4 | 34 | 3 | $432.4 | 1 | 0 |
| May 16, 2020 | 6 | $310 | 6 | 34 | 5 | $310 | 1 | 0 |
| May 9, 2020 | 18 | $5,630 | 16 | 124 | 14 | $3,180 | 4 | $2,450 |
| May 2, 2020 | 15 | 10,400 | 10 | 90 | 8 | $1,900 | 7 | $,8,500 |
| April 25, 2020 | 8 | $3,400 | 9 | 36 | 5 | $1,000 | 3 | $2,450 |
| April 18, 2020 | 19 | $9,500 | 14 | 92 | 8 | $185.7 | 11 | $9,360 |
| April 11, 2020 | 12 | $6,000 | 9 | 40 | 5 | $190 | 7 | $5,800 |
| April 4, 2020 | 14 | $8,200 | 11 | 68 | 10 | $2,200 | 4 | $6,000 |
| March 28, 2020 | 16 | $6,500 | 13 | 96 | 10 | $3,700 | 6 | $2,800 |
| March 21, 2020 | 11 | $11,910 | 7 | 33 | 7 | $2,250 | 4 | $9,960 |
| March 14, 2020 | 7 | 809.8 | 6 | 34 | 6 | 684.8 | 1 | 125 |
| March 7, 2020 | 16 | $2,500 | 15 | 70 | 13 | $669 | 3 | $1,400 |
| February 29, 2020 | 13 | $15,260 | 13 | 128 | 11 | $11,760 | 2 | $3,500 |
| February 22, 2020 | 12 | $3,700 | 10 | 92 | 10 | $2,560 | 2 | $1,130 |
| February 15, 2020 | 16 | $1,250 | 10 | 84 | 12 | $35 | 4 | $1,222 |
| February 8, 2020 | 18 | $6,080 | 14 | 123 | 14 | $2,595 | 4 | $3,485 |
| February 1, 2020 | 21 | $20,900 | 12 | 101 | 14 | $17,860 | 7 | $3,060 |
| January 25, 2020 | 13 | $7,430 | 13 | 62 | 12 | $6,430 | 1 | $1,000 |
| January 18, 2020 | 23 | $9,580 | 15 | 120 | 19 | $6,580 | 4 | $3,000 |
| January 11, 2020 | 21 | $14,200 | 18 | 199 | 16 | $1,020 | 5 | $13,200 |
| January 4, 2020 | 22 | $6,400 | 11 | 119 | 16 | $3,204 | 6 | $3,245 |
| December 28, 2019 | 22 | $7,150 | 19 | 175 | 18 | $6,800 | 4 | $327.4 |
| December 14, 2019 | 24 | $36,300 | 23 | 167 | 19 | $9,500 | 5 | $26,800 |
| December 7, 2019 | 11 | $10,400 | 11 | 55 | 7 | $1,082 | 4 | $9,370 |
| November 30. 2019 | 14 | $2,450 | 12 | 126 | 12 | $1,760 | 2 | $692.5 |
| November 23, 2019 | 16 | $1,995 | 10 | 41 | 11 | $615 | 5 | $1,380 |
| November 16, 2019 | 15 | $3,820 | 13 | 135 | 11 | $2,500 | 4 | $1,271 |
| November 9, 2019 | 25 | $12,900 | 17 | 182 | 23 | $12,200 | 2 | $575 |
| November 2, 2019 | 10 | $2,470 | 12 | 61 | 9 | 2,450 | 3 | $22 |
| October 26, 2019 | 12 | $5,560 | 14 | 70 | 11 | $3,860 | 1 | $1,700 |
| October 19, 2019 | 8 | $6,600 | 8 | 138 | 8 | $6,600 | 0 | 0 |
| October 12, 2019 | 19 | $4,300 | 14 | 55 | 16 | $3,800 | 3 | $500 |
| October 5, 2019 | 18 | $14,500 | 19 | 166 | 15 | $11,100 | 3 | $3,400 |
| September 28, 2019 | 19 | $8,100 | 18 | 132 | 18 | $7,560 | 1 | $550 |
| September 21, 2019 | 14 | $6,300 | 16 | 66 | 11 | $2,160 | 3 | $4,170 |
| September 14, 2019 | 15 | $23,800 | 12 | 56 | 11 | $21,250 | 4 | $2,570 |
| September 7, 2019 | 17 | $3,500 | 15 | 98 | 14 | $1,900 | 3 | $1,600 |
| August 31, 2019 | 5 | $8,700 | 6 | 50 | 5 | $8,700 | 0 | 0 |
| August 24, 2019 | 16 | $10,000 | 14 | 82 | 15 | $4,250 | 1 | $5,750 |
| August 16, 2019 | 10 | $1,680 | 5 | 52 | 7 | $650 | 3 | $950 |
| August 9, 2019 | 17 | $17,700 | 15 | 68 | 14 | $3,900 | 3 | $13,800 |
| August 2, 2019 | 13 | $5,760 | 12 | 108 | 13 | $5,760 | NA | NA |
| July 27, 2019 | 11 | $7,300 | 13 | 76 | 8 | $6,570 | 3 | $730 |
| July 20, 2019 | 13 | $11,800 | 13 | 125 | 11 | $5,300 | 2 | $6,500 |
| July 13, 2019 | 10 | $775 | 7 | 46 | 8 | $542.5 | 2 | $233 |
| July 6, 2019 | 7 | $2,500 | 9 | 85 | 7 | $2,500 | 0 | 0 |
| June 29, 2019 | 23 | $8,290 | 15 | 154 | 17 | $2,300 | 6 | $5,970 |
| June 22, 2019 | 17 | $10,700 | 10 | 139 | 14 | $7,700 | 3 | $3,000 |
| June 15, 2019 | 11 | $13,500 | 14 | 160 | 11 | $13,500 | NA | NA |
| June 8, 2019 | 13 | $2,870 | 17 | 55 | 11 | $1,570 | 2 | $1,300 |
| June 1, 2019 | 10 | $4,460 | 11 | 60 | 8 | $4,140 | 2 | $315 |
| May 25, 2019 | 17 | $4,360 | 14 | 79 | 14 | $3,700 | 3 | $612 |
| May 18, 2019 | 22 | $9,000 | 17 | 150 | 16 | $3,400 | 6 | $5,600 |
| May 11, 2019 | 18 | $19,800 | 17 | 177 | 15 | $18,300 | 3 | $1,500 |
| May 4, 2019 | 10 | $7,075 | 6 | 32 | 8 | $6,900 | 2 | $175 |
| April 27, 2019 | 15 | $3,200 | 14 | 117 | 14 | $3,160 | 1 | $40 |
| April 20, 2019 | 13 | $13,500 | 10 | 90 | 9 | $12,200 | 4 | $1,300 |
| April 13, 2019 | 16 | $38,900 | 14 | 91 | 14 | $37,800 | 2 | $1,100 |
| April 6, 2019 | 12 | $6,870 | 11 | 94 | 10 | $6,730 | 2 | $50 |
| March 30, 2019 | 15 | $6,470 | 12 | 84 | 10 | $7,91.5 | 5 | $5,677 |
| March 23, 2019 | 18 | $6,450 | 14 | 91 | 14 | $5,042 | 4 | $1,408 |
| March 16, 2019 | 14 | $10,180 | 12 | 115 | 11 | $8,800 | 3 | $1,300 |
| March 9, 2019 | 9 | $1,800 | 6 | 49 | 8 | $1,300 | 1 | $500 |
| March 2, 2019 | 20 | $3,033 | 16 | 107 | 14 | $1,817 | 6 | $1,262 |
| February 23, 2019 | 12 | $2,040 | 8 | 69 | 9 | $614.6 | 3 | $1,430 |
| February 16, 2019 | 16 | $9,970 | 18 | 77 | 16 | $9,970 | 0 | 0 |
| February 9, 2019 | 14 | $6,400 | 10 | 110 | 14 | $6,400 | 0 | 0 |
| February 2, 2019 | 18 | $6,740 | 15 | 99 | 16 | $5,720 | 2 | $950 |
| January 26, 2019 | 13 | $2,770 | 11 | 67 | 11 | $918.95 | 2 | $1,850 |
| January 19, 2019 | 15 | $3,819 | 16 | 76 | 12 | $2,594 | 3 | $1,225 |
| January 12, 2019 | 18 | $7,283 | 14 | 92 | 15 | $1,683 | 3 | $5,600 |
| January 5, 2019 | 10 | $529 | 12 | 50 | 10 | $529 | 0 | 0 |
| December 22, 2018 | 17 | $2,570 | 13 | 87 | 14 | $941 | 3 | $1,629 |
| December 15, 2018 | 10 | $2,860 | 8 | 26 | 8 | $264 | 2 | $2,600 |
| December 8, 2018 | 15 | $1,819 | 16 | 65 | 12 | $552 | 3 | $1,267 |
| December 1, 2018 | 12 | $7,500 | 10 | 90 | 9 | $1,200 | 3 | $6,200 |
| November 28, 2018 | 15 | $4,500 | 11 | 107 | 14 | $4,000 | 1 | $500 |
| November 19, 2018 | 18 | $6,137 | 13 | 98 | 13 | $2,142 | 5 | $3,995 |
| November 14, 2018 | 18 | $9,200 | 13 | 152 | 15 | $8,500 | 3 | $694 |
| November 6, 2018 | 16 | $17,300 | 16 | 183 | 14 | $16,361 | 2 | $950 |
| October 29, 2018 | 14 | $14,400 | 18 | 127 | 17 | $13,800 | 1 | $600 |
| October 24, 2018 | 13 | $6,140 | 13 | 126 | 11 | $5,122 | 2 | $1,018 |
| October 17, 2018 | 18 | $18,390 | 15 | 125 | 14 | $12,292 | 4 | $6,098 |
| October 10, 2018 | 29 | $3,149 | 18 | 104 | 20 | $1,647 | 9 | $819 |
| October 2, 2018 | 18 | $9,300 | 11 | 67 | 14 | $7,300 | 4 | $2,000 |
| September 25, 2018 | 13 | $7,000 | 11 | 75 | 10 | $6,000 | 3 | $995 |
| September 18, 2018 | 9 | $3,570 | 7 | 44 | 9 | $3,570 | 0 | 0 |
| September 11, 2018 | 13 | $5,900 | 10 | 132 | 13 | $5,900 | 0 | 0 |
| September 7, 2018 | 14 | $5,000 | 15 | 86 | 11 | $4,000 | 3 | $1,000 |
| August 29, 2018 | 15 | $20,700 | 14 | 79 | 13 | $4,700 | 2 | $16,000 |
| August 20, 2018 | 10 | $12,400 | 11 | 53 | 8 | $11,380 | 3 | $1,057 |
| August 14, 2018 | 12 | $19,900 | 12 | 132 | 9 | $18,889 | 3 | $1,011 |
| August 7, 2018 | 16 | $68,600 | 11 | 106 | 13 | $67,259 | 3 | $1,340 |
| July 31, 2018 | 15 | $15,100 | 15 | 95 | 11 | $13,060 | 4 | $2,060 |
| July 23, 2018 | 13 | $2,130 | 15 | 60 | 10 | $1,804 | 3 | $1,100 |
| July 17, 2018 | 14 | $5,370 | 17 | 98 | 9 | $4,310 | 5 | $1,100 |
| July 9, 2018 | 16 | $11,200 | 15 | 74 | 10 | $11,080 | 6 | $862 |
| July 3, 2018 | 13 | $7,000 | 7 | 81 | 12 | $6,330 | 1 | $750 |
| June 25, 2018 | 15 | $8,800 | 13 | 97 | 9 | $4,970 | 6 | $3,930 |
| June 18, 2018 | 13 | $14,200 | 14 | 80 | 7 | $221 | 6 | $14,290 |
| June 11, 2018 | 12 | $6,300 | 8 | 96 | 8 | $5,910 | 4 | $803 |
| June 6, 2018 | 13 | $14,500 | 10 | 88 | 8 | $14,154 | 5 | $579 |
| May 31, 2018 | 11 | $4,890 | 10 | 63 | 8 | $3,240 | 3 | $1,790 |
| May 22, 2018 | 15 | $20,400 | 11 | 63 | 9 | $19,808 | 6 | $885 |
| May 15, 2018 | 15 | $4,700 | 15 | 106 | 10 | $3,900 | 5 | $643 |
| May 9, 2018 | 11 | $1,400 | 13 | 88 | 9 | $1,300 | 2 | $560 |
| May 1, 2018 | 8 | $14,250 | 7 | 88 | 7 | $13,400 | 1 | $450 |
| April 24, 2018 | 12 | $5,300 | 6 | 61 | 11 | $4,470 | 1 | $800 |
| April 17, 2018 | 9 | $1,800 | 10 | 44 | 7 | $2,330 | 2 | $1,434 |
| April 11, 2018 | 11 | $2,500 | 8 | 32 | 6 | $1,690 | 5 | $809 |
| April 3, 2018 | 15 | $13,400 | 11 | 121 | 9 | $12,020 | 6 | $1,090 |
| March 28, 2018 | 10 | $4,000 | 10 | 92 | 7 | $3,870 | 3 | $215 |
| March 19, 2018 | 17 | $5,800 | 13 | 51 | 10 | $590 | 7 | $5,165 |
| March 12, 2018 | 15 | $3,130 | 11 | 43 | 11 | $2,360 | 4 | $788 |
| March 6, 2018 | 19 | $5,400 | 13 | 116 | 10 | $1,530 | 9 | $4,860 |
| February 27, 2018 | 20 | $6,600 | 13 | 69 | 14 | $5,530 | 6 | $1,030 |
| February 19, 2018 | 15 | $5,500 | 14 | 111 | 10 | $3,990 | 6 | $1,980 |
| February 12, 2018 | 23 | $10,900 | 17 | 157 | 12 | $7,110 | 11 | $3,840 |
| February 5, 2018 | 16 | $8,600 | 13 | 100 | 7 | $1,330 | 9 | $7,800 |
| January 30, 2018 | 11 | $12,600 | 11 | 68 | 5 | $7,300 | 6 | $4,982 |
| January 24, 2018 | 19 | $9,400 | 15 | 129 | 5 | $2,010 | 14 | $7,337 |
| January 18, 2018 | 10 | $6,280 | 8 | 49 | 2 | $2,100 | 8 | $4,188 |
| January 9, 2018 | 12 | $16,500 | 12 | 92 | 9 | $15,890 | 3 | $475 |
| January 3, 2018 | 10 | $2,500 | 9 | 47 | 8 | $2,350 | 2 | $150 |
| December 27, 2017 | 15 | $9,000 | 15 | 113 | 9 | $7,568 | 6 | $1,784 |
| December 18, 2017 | 15 | $13,800 | 16 | 164 | 9 | $13,010 | 7 | $1,118 |
| December 11, 2017 | 14 | $9,700 | 10 | 126 | 12 | $2,940 | 4 | $8,500 |
| December 4, 2017 | 6 | $1,800 | 6 | 31 | 5 | $1,510 | 1 | $300 |
| November 28, 2017 | 7 | $3,850 | 8 | 76 | 4 | $3,260 | 3 | $285 |
| November 16, 2017 | 10 | $2,700 | 10 | 48 | 6 | $1,840 | 4 | $856 |
| November 8, 2017 | 15 | $2,380 | 17 | 91 | 10 | $1,860 | 5 | $516 |
| November 1, 2017 | 12 | $4,700 | 17 | 94 | 9 | $3,400 | 4 | $1,300 |
| October 23, 2017 | 15 | $10,500 | 10 | 67 | 10 | $9,780 | 4 | $1,530 |
| October 18, 2017 | 6 | $2,000 | 37 | 3 | $225 | 3 | $1,820 | |
| October 10, 2017 | 12 | $6,570 | 100 | 9 | $3,880 | 3 | $3,360 | |
| October 2, 2017 | 8 | $3,100 | 11 | 19 | 3 | $1,630 | 5 | $1,750 |
| September 25, 2017 | 8 | $4,880 | 8 | 79 | 5 | $2,660 | 5 | $2,070 |
| September 18, 2017 | 9 | $4,770 | 3 | $300 | 6 | $4,470 | ||
| September 12, 2017 | 11 | $4,430 | 8 | $2,030 | 3 | $2,400 | ||
| September 1, 2017 | 4 | $1,310 | 3 | $317 | 1 | $1,000 | ||
| August 23, 2017 | 11 | $13,640 | 9 | 8 | $11,840 | 3 | $1,800 |
Still, the week meant work for 50 Texas lawyers at 10 different firms. The transactions included five deals on the M&A/Funding side worth $4.8 billion and three deals involving capital markets worth $2.1 billion.
M&A/FUNDING/VENTURE CAPITAL
Waste Management, Advanced Disposal Reboot Merger at $4.6B
Houston-based industry giant Waste Management, Inc. announced June 24 that it had agreed with Advanced Disposal Services Inc. to adjust the price of their proposed merger from $4.9 billion to $4.6 billion.
The two companies also agreed to sell an estimated $835 million in assets to a Canadian waste removal firm as part of a divestiture agreement designed to secure antitrust clearance for their massive merger from the Department of Justice.
The merger, first announced in April 2019, had been seen as a potential casualty of the COVID-19 pandemic when it failed to close as anticipated during the first quarter of 2020. As part of the new agreement, Waste Management and Advanced Disposal agreed to a new walkaway date of Sept. 30, 2020 with a pre-approved postponement to Nov. 30 if DOJ antitrust approval is still in process.
Simpson Thacher counseled Waste Management on the revised agreement, including seven lawyers from the firm’s Houston office: M&A partner Chris May and associates Jacqui Bogucki, Nate Bascom, Hunter Hampton, and Braxton Pitts (M&A), along with capital markets partner Brian Rosenzweig and associate Brian Mathes.
Vedder Price is also advising Waste Management, while Centerview Partners is its exclusive financial advisor. UBS Investment Bank is serving as exclusive financial advisor to Advanced Disposal, and Shearman & Sterling and Mayer Brown are serving as Advanced Disposal’s legal counsel.
Under terms of the new agreement, Waste Management will acquire Advanced Disposal for $30.30 per share in cash, reducing the price of the original agreement of $33.15. The $4.6 billion value of the new agreement includes the assumption of approximately $1.8 billion debt, slightly less than the estimated $1.9 billion debt assumption that was part of the original agreement.
As part of the new agreement, the companies also announced that Canada-based GFL Environmental has agreed to acquire a combination of Advanced Disposal and Waste Management assets for $835 million. At least $300 million of those assets represent anticipated divestures required for federal approval of the deal.
Waste Management is the largest solid waste company in the U.S. Advanced Disposal, based in Ponte Vedra, Florida, is the fourth largest.
V&E Advises Talos Energy on $65M Asset Acquisition
Talos Energy announced June 22 the acquisition of 16 assets from Castex Energy 2005 for a total of $65 million, including an issuance of shares and $6.5 million in cash. Though the transaction is effective April 1, closing is not expected until the third quarter.
Vinson & Elkins advised an affiliate of Houston-based Talos with a team led by partners John Grand and Lande Spottswood. The team also included counsel Tan Lu and associates Erin Mitchell and Helen Xiang. Also advising were partners Ramey Layne (corporate); Jason McIntosh and David Peck (tax); Larry Nettles and Matthew Dobbins (environmental); and Brian Moss and Guy Gribov (finance).
Intrepid Partners advised Castex Energy 2005 in the transaction.
The bulk of the $65 million bolt-on transaction price is to be paid through the issuance of approximately 4.95 million Talos Energy common shares at closing.
Talos also announced that its borrowing base has been reduced 14%, from $1.15 billion to $985 million. As of May 31, Talos had approximately $121 million in cash on hand and $650 million drawn on the $985 million borrowing base.
The newly acquired assets are familiar to Talos, an independent exploration and production company specializing in offshore properties. They include operatorship of at least 11 of fields already acquired in February, and most were originally discovered or operated by current Talos management.
The company says that it plans to hedge “a significant portion” of the volumes obtained from the new assets to secure more favorable pricing of their output. The company said the new assets generated approximately $31.2 million over the year ending March 31.
Talos president and CEO Timothy S. Duncan commented: “We are very pleased with the continuing strong support we’ve received from our bank group considering the historic dislocation in our industry in recent months.”
Kirkland Represents KKR in Acquisition of Environmental Dynamics International Inc.
XPV, a wastewater treatment platform backed by KKR and XPV Water Partners, announced June 23 that it had acquired a Missouri-based company that specializes in researching and developing waste-treatment technologies.
Nexus Water Holdings, a joint venture between KKR and XPV, acquired Environmental Dynamics International, headquartered in Columbia, Missouri. Terms were not disclosed.
Nexus Water was advised by a Kirkland & Ellis team led out of the firm’s Houston office by John Pitts and Kyle Watson. Pitching in were associates Zach Savrick and Maggie Hoffman.
Nexus Water Holdings was established last year for the acquisition of two water treatment companies, Environmental Operating Solutions, Inc. and Nexom, Inc. The new entity, EDI, will be absorbed by Nexom, headquartered in Winnipeg.
EDI specializes in aeration and biological treatment solutions for municipal and industrial wastewater in the form of diffuser aeration systems used in over 7,000 installations across 100 countries.
Vinson & Elkins Advises OJO Labs on Movoto Acquisition
Austin-based AI startup OJO Labs announced June 26 that it had not only acquired Movoto, a tech-driven interactive residential real estate site, but it had attracted $62.5 million in funding to do so.
Vinson & Elkins advised OJO Labs on the acquisition with a team led by Austin venture capital partner Wes Jones with help from Austin associates Kate Rainey Willson and Chris Kirby. Also advising were partner Todd Way, senior associate Brian Russell and associate David Gilbert (tax); partner Devika Kornbacher and senior associate Ben Cukerbaum (technology/IP); partner Shane Tucker and associate Austin Light (executive compensation/benefits); and partner Sean Becker and senior associate Alex Bluebond (labor/employment).
Founded in 2015 by John Berkowitz and David Rubin, OJO Labs specializes in the use of artificial intelligence in tech platforms for brokers, agents and loan officers. The company said the acquisition of Movoto enables OJO Labs to expand its platform with scalable personalized technology for homebuyers and sellers.
In connection with the acquisition, OJO Labs also announced that it had closed on $62.5 million in a funding round led by Wafra with participation from Breyer Capital, LiveOak Venture Partners, Royal Bank of Canada and Northwestern Mutual Future Ventures.
“The way people buy and sell homes is changing,” said Jim Breyer, Founder and CEO of Breyer Capital, a former Facebook and Walmart board member. “This evolution has been expedited by recent events, and the real estate industry is on the cusp of something new in the wake of COVID-19. With a clear vision for the future and the technology to back it up, I believe OJO Labs is poised to be a leader in the next era of the home buying industry.”
Akin Gump Advises Tapstone in $65M Bid for Templar Assets
Tapstone Energy LLC, recently emergent from bankruptcy, has announced it is making a $65 million stalking horse bid for substantially all the assets of cross-town Oklahoma City producer Templar Energy.
Templar, whose assets are primarily in the Anadarko Basin, filed for Chapter 11 protection June 1. Tapstone emerged from bankruptcy in April.
Akin Gump announced June 25 that it is representing Tapstone in its bid for Templar. Leading the team are New York partner Dan Fisher, head of Akin Gump’s integrated special situations group, along with restructuring partner Sarah Schultz of Dallas.
The Templar bid caps the completion of Tapstone’s restructuring plan in which its lenders agreed to exchange secured debt for common equity and a four-year $145 million loan. In addition, nearly all (99.5%) of the company’s 9.75% 2022 senior noteholders likewise agreed to exchange their existing notes into common equity and a new four-year $5 million unsecured term loan.
Key in the Templar bid, however, was a $50 million preferred equity investment by Kennedy Lewis Investment Management ear-marked by management for acquisitions.
By wiping out $450 million of principle debt, Tapstone was left with over $60 million in liquidity and a vastly deleveraged balance sheet.
“The outcome of this process establishes Tapstone as an entity ready to consolidate assets in the Mid-Continent,” CEO Steve C. Dixon said in a written statement at the time. “We are eager to turn our focus on acquiring producing properties and evaluating merger candidates.”
By contrast, Templar has a history of high-dollar troubles since its founding in 2012 by David Le Norman, current chairman of the Oklahoma Petroleum Alliance. Le Norman stepped down as its chairman last year.
Backed by Ares Management and Bain Capital, Templar has revealed in filings that top lenders of approximately $426 million can expect to receive no more than 21 cents on the dollar, according to the Wall Street Journal.
Just four years ago, Templar negotiated the elimination of $1.45 billion in debt as part of an out-of-court restructuring.
Beginning in February, Templar had been openly shopping its Anadarko assets, but decided to file for bankruptcy in Delaware after the market was rocked by an oil and gas price collapse. In a statement the company said it had secured DIP loans of $25 million to keep it operating.
Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison is advising Templar in the bankruptcy. Guggenheim Securities is acting as the Company’s investment banker, with Alvarez & Marsal North America, LLC is acting as financial advisor.
CAPITAL MARKETS/RESTRUCTURING
Martin Midstream Partners Announces $323M Restructuring Support Agreement
Martin Midstream Partners announced June 26 that it had entered into a restructuring support agreement with its major noteholders, an agreement that includes the possibility of a Chapter 11 filing if an anticipated change of notes fails to take place.
Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld is outside counsel for Martin Midstream and its subsidiaries, and Stephens Inc. is serving as the company’s financial advisor.
Skadden Arps is representing the note holders with a team from New York and Washington, D.C.
Headquartered in Kilgore, Martin Midstream Partners provides terminalling, storage and packaging for petroleum products, including land and marine transportation services on the Texas Gulf Coast. The company also manufactures specialty products sulfur-based products and fertilizer and liquid natural gas.
The agreement includes Martin Midstream’s general partner, Martin Midstream GP, as well as its subsidiaries: Martin Midstream Finance Corp., Martin Operating GP, Martin Operating Partnership LP, Redbird Gas Storage, Talen’s Marine & Fuel, and Martin Transport, Inc.
The agreement is with note holders that that beneficially own over 62% of the company’s 7.25% Unsecured Notes due 2021.
The company contemplates an out-of-court offer to exchange the existing notes for a combination of cash, 11.50% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2025 and rights to acquire 10.00% Senior Secured 1.5 Lien Notes due 2024. In addition, the company will attempt to renegotiate some of the restrictive covenants in the existing notes. Aside for those changes in documentation, closing is also contingent on a tender of at least 95% of the existing notes in the exchange. If the closing doesn’t take place, the company said it will proceed to file for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11.
Ruben Martin, president and CEO of Martin Midstream, said the agreement, “Demonstrates the confidence our bondholders have in our leadership team and the vision we have for the Company.” He said the transactions would increase the company’s financial flexibility.
“In these times of both macroeconomic and social challenges, we are appreciative of the support of the bondholders for our long-term success,” Martin said.
Baker Botts Represents Sunnova in Securitization of Solar Loans
Sunnova Energy International Inc., the Houston-headquartered residential solar energy service provider, announced June 22 that it had securitized two tranches of solar loans totaling $158.5 million.
The company said the transactions included its sixth residential solar securitization. As it has in previous securitizations, Sunnova was advised by Baker Botts.
The Baker Botts team was led by Houston partner Travis Wofford and partner Martin Toulouse in New York. Tax advice was provided by Houston partners Michael Bresson and Renn Neilson, as well as Austin partner Jon Nelsen. Kris Benskin in Houston provided ERISA support, while Houston-based partner Danny David provided additional advice.
Latham & Watkins Advises Total S.A. in $1.6 Billion Bond Offering
Latham & Watkins said June 25 that its Houston office is advising Paris-based Total S.A. in two note offerings worth $1.6 billion.
The broad-based energy conglomerate, active in 130 countries, is offering $800 million of 2.986% Guaranteed Notes Due 2041 and $800 million of 3.386% Guaranteed Notes Due 2060, in each case to be issued by Total Capital International and guaranteed by Total S.A.
The Latham team advising Total S.A. in the offering is led by Houston partner Ryan Maierson, along with Houston associates Ryan Lynch and Katie Walker. Tax advice was provided by Houston partners Tim Fenn and Bryant Lee, with Houston associates Jared Grimley and Marianne Standley. Lawyers from Latham’s Paris office also assisted.